Thai Film Archive activates Scala and Lido

This past week,Thailand's two most iconic film venues - the Scala and Lido theaters - showcased a cultural event that only an iconic film venue can adequately showcase. 

The Scala hosting Alfred Hitchcock's "The Lodger"

From August 7th to the 13th, the Thai Film Archive hosted Thailand's first ever silent film festival. In collaboration with the British Council of Thailand, the Thai Film Archive, led by chief archivist Dome Sukwong, curated a program that consisted 7 films from Asia and Europe. All films were accompanied by live musical performances, much the way silent films were presented in the early 20th century. 

The grand finale of the festival was a screening of Alfred Hitchcock's 1927 masterpiece, "The Lodger," with a magnificent score provided my pianist Trisdee na Patalung. 

The decision to hold this unique festival at the legendary Apex theaters of Siam Square, coupled with the fact that each showing had near-capacity crowds, ought to be an indication of the intrinsic cultural value of both Scala and Lido. They are much more than just venues for entertainment. They are icons of cultivated sophistication. Indeed, if the motto of the Thai Film Archive is true, that "Cinema Enlightens," then the Scala and Lido are houses of enlightenment. 

Proposals to demolish either Scala or Lido to make room for shopping malls, as has been in the planning stages for more than two years, would be an error of judgement on the part of Bangkok civic leaders. In short it would be a net loss for the Thai capital, if not Thailand as a whole. 

Below are a few shots of the Scala during the final night of the festival.

Filling the Scala

Hope for historic cinemas

The Nation
Tuesday, April 17th, 2012

Admirers of Apex's iconic Scala and Lido theatres are breathing easier today, following Chulalongkorn University's announcement that controversial plans to demolish the two movie halls have been postponed.

From the outset, the plans to replace the two 40-plus year-old landmarks with a series of shopping malls raised considerable objection from a broad spectrum of Thai society. All the commotion has apparently succeeded, at least temporarily, in changing Chula's tune. But until details of the redevelopment plan are formally worked out, erring on the side of caution might benefit advocates of the Apex Two.

With that in mind, lets embark on a possible projection of the future.

The year is 2069. Thailand's economy, along with those of its neighbours, has levelled off after more than 40 years of sustained growth. It's a mature economy now, a middle-class society, with an age demographic tilted toward elderly. The once-trendy shopping malls along the northern edge of Rama I Road, all but devoid of consumers, are being dismantled, the land repurposed into a tropical city park.

On December 31, 2069, Chulalongkorn University - now the envy of Harvard - is honouring the 100th anniversary of the opening of the Scala Theatre by hosting a movie marathon there: "150 Years of Thai Cinema," is the theme. Prints of old Thai movies, carefully preserved by the Thai Film Archive, have been selected for this cultural heritage film fest. For the first month of 2070, only vintage cinema is being screened there.

Thanks to the foresight of Chula administrators, the century-old Scala has become a national showcase and symbol of prestige for the university. Images of its luscious lobby have been used as a selling point for the university to attract international students, especially architecture majors, who view it with a mix of exotic curiosity and academic awe - impressed by the school's commitment to continuity.

In 2069, not a soul in the country would even entertain the thought of destroying the Scala, or its somewhat less alluring older sibling, the Lido. Not for any reason whatsoever.

Admittedly, this rendering of the future is a bit on the utopian side. But what I hope to convey, short of a utopia, is its plausibility. Try, for a minute, to imagine your reaction to seeing the Scala for the first time, 20, 40 or 60 years down the road. Conceivably, that far into the future, much of Bangkok's less-extravagant mid-20th Thai architecture will have already been demolished to make way for the new. As a rare survivor, the Scala would be a beautiful representative of a largely forgotten past, while serving an invaluable contemporary role to the country's film community. Put bluntly, it would be a spectacle in and of itself (though many would argue that it already is).

This, of course, is the long view of the issue, and not always a convincing one given all the unknown variables. For its part, Chula is also thinking ahead - albeit not very far - which is why it seeks to maximise the profitability of its land. With Thailand's exports lagging due to weak economies in Europe and the US, producers and financiers are betting on strong domestic consumption to keep them in the black. Hence the view that shopping malls should replace the existing structures at Siam Square.

But once this boom is over, then what? Chula could be presiding over an empire of underperforming behemoths that will be expensive to maintain and have no redeeming social value in and of themselves. Remember, there are already over half a dozen shopping malls along this stretch of road. Between them, there is no shortage of purchasing options whether one is looking for a pair of socks or a high-end sports car.

As for stand-alone movie theatres that screen high-end films, there are only two in the entire country.

The Scala and Lido are authentically irreplaceable. Once they are gone, they will never come back.

Chulalongkorn University will be doing a service to itself and to Bangkok by taking the long view of these landmarks.

Chula U. relaxes stance, announces Scala and Lido not slated for demolition.

Chulalongkorn University's public relations office has posted an announcement claiming that the Scala and Lido theaters of Siam Square will not be demolished.

The announcement further states that "plans have yet to be developed regarding the future of the site" and that "all concerned parties will have a say in the matter during the planning process."

The entire press release can be seen here, but only in Thai.

Architectural association helps preserve Scala, Bangkok landmark

Confirmation has been made:

Scala will be the recipient of an "Award for Outstanding Conservation of Art and Architecture 2012," by the Association of Siamese Architects Under Royal Patronage.

The same source says, "should be good news and help to delay demolition."

I'll breath easy when I hear "cancel demolition"

For Thai readers, Matichon has more details on the award, here.

Lido plans are also on hold pending a decision by Chulalongkorn University.

Pending victory for Scala Theatre, Bangkok cinephiles

In a recent e-mail exchange with the general manager of Apex, an interesting new development was made known.

Apex president Nanta Tansacha has applied to the "Architectural Society" - which I'm guessing is the abbreviated title of "The Association of Siamese Architects Under Royal Patronage" - to have the Scala Theatre certified as architecturally/historically signifigant. The certification will be made in April or May.

No further details were made available.

If this designation comes to fruition, it ought to make it illegal to demolish the Scala.

Still no word about the Lido.

The tropical deco facade of the Scala.

View of imperial staircase, lower lobby

Rotating poster case beside imperial staircase, with five-tiered chandelier in background.

Concession stand

Lobby views

Above the door to the auditorium, a 50 foot long bronze relief depicting Asian civilizations.

Vestibule

The 1000 seat auditorium during the premiere of a locally-produced skateboarding movie held at the Scala in 2009.

You'd have to mentally ill to bring this down.

"Sins against city's cinemas"

The Bangkok Post

Monday, March 19th, 2012

By Usnisa Sukhsvasti

"There is hardly a person in Bangkok whose life is not linked in some way to Siam Square. It has been the hangout for people of every age group and gender. It does not discriminate against social standing and pay cheque. You can go there whether you travel by chauffeur-driven limousine, BTS or public bus.

In 2010, Siam Square went through a crisis when the Siam Theatre was burned down during the red shirt riots. People actually saw their lives flashing past in their mind's eye. By "people", I mean me.

Siam Theatre was the cinema where I passed many a delightful hour in front of the huge screen on modern reclining seats. Previously there was Chalerm Thai on Ratchadamnoen, Chalerm Krung near Pahurat, King and Queen in Wang Burapa, Hollywood at Ratchathewi, Paramount and Metro on Phetchaburi Road.

Actually, if you want to go way back, the first film I remember watching was a horror movie which starred a jelly-like monster that could slide under doors in liquid form and build itself up into some weird menace that seemed to have a preference for beautiful blondes talking on the phone. This was shown at a wooden cinema somewhere near Asok Market, and probably created a deep-rooted trauma for a three-year-old child. I've never got over my dread of horror movies.

I watched a lot of movies as I grew up. As the youngest child in the family, I was the only one available to accompany my mother who was the ultimate film buff. We used to do two movies in a row, and the traffic being light as it was in those days, it wasn't impossible.

Her taste ranged from Indian movies (Angulimala, who went around chopping off his victims' fingers to hang round his neck), Chinese (The Goddess Guan Yin), and endless Hollywood films. I must have watched all the early James Bond movies with her.

What I also remember is the film G.I. Blues starring Elvis Presley. I must have watched it at least five times when I was four, much to my mother's chagrin.

And that's why the Siam Square cinemas meant so much to me. My student days at Chulalongkorn University revolved around Siam Square, watching movies for 15 baht per ticket.

First it was the Siam that bit the dust. Now it's the Lido whose days are numbered. I watched MacKenna's Gold three times at the Lido! My former in-laws owned one of the first bakeries in Siam Square on the Lido block. I was there when Prince Charles married Diana Spencer.

Next year, the Lido is going to make way for a "high-rise walking street", which I assume is a newly coined term for "shopping centre", of which we only have a few hundred in Bangkok.

The Lido, on the other hand, provided film buffs with an alternative venue where they could watch some of the more artistic but less commercial productions, at only 100 baht a ticket. Now we have no choice but to watch 4D flicks at astronomical prices, or stay at home. I know what I'm going to choose.

We need another shopping centre like we need a hole in the head. The social networks are abuzz with comments against this new project, and against the people at Chula who must have holes in their heads to come up with this idea in the first place. There's even a "Save the Lido" campaign brewing.

I can only assume that in time, the Scala, the Grande Dame of old-style cinemas, will face a similar fate.

One comment from a youngster on www.pantip.com went: "It seems strange that the younger generation are the ones calling for conservation, while the older (and supposedly more intellectual _ my own insert) generation are destroying old traditions and promoting materialism."

I couldn't have put it better, my dear!"

"Chula asks us Lido-lovers to feel the pain"

The Bangkok Post
March 24th, 2012

By Kong Rithdee

"Alarmed and despondent, readers have sent feedback to me
regarding last week's column on the forthcoming demise of the Lido Theatre. For
a second, I thought I had struck my Kony moment, though I'd promised I'd never
end up the same way as that video-maker who was caught naked, drunk, and
allegedly performing al fresco masturbation just days after his
socially-conscious campaign had gone viral. Don't let the urge to save the world
short-circuit your head, that's the lowdown.

And yet, the reaction of Lido lovers is passionate. So please allow me
another take at the issue this week, for among those who wrote in, there were
calls for protests, petitions, a siege, while many were simply outraged at what
they see as the "wanton" destruction of an icon. Lecturers, students and media
personalities share their anguish, and even war cries. Right now, there is at
least one online petition urging Chulalongkorn Uni, which owns the area around
Siam Square and has unveiled a plan for a major facelift that will affect the
iconic cinemas, to reassess it."Spare a creative space: We want Lido and Scala,"
reads the title of the campaign. A Facebook page has been created to ruminate on
the cultural loss if the theatres actually come down. On the popular Pantip
website, fans have shared pictures of old and extinct movie houses that once
graced Bangkok, not just the Lido or the Scala, but a fantastic array of
modernist architecture of the Chalermthai, Odeon, Chalermburi, Empire,
Paramount, Athens, all fossilised in sepia photographs and funereal melancholy.
Many point out the fact that nearly all the functional stand-alone theatres in
Bangkok - except the Scala - have metamorphosed into seedy venues of
pornography, since to live underground has become the only way to live at
all.

We'll weep later; let's take a deep breath first.

For a start, no one will touch the Lido until late 2013. And although the
prediction that the Scala will become the next target isn't merely a hunch, the
fate of that majestic dame hasn't been decided. Earlier this week, Assoc Prof
Permyot Kosolbhand of Chulalongkorn's Property Management Office gave an
interview to Matichon newspaper in a tone that was more compromising than when
he first talked about the Siam Square overhaul and showed the sketch of the
planned development - published in this newspaper - that seems to obliterate the
Lido and the Scala.

"We will try to find a way to preserve the symbols of the area, but at this
point we have no details," he said.

The academic cited safety reasons for the need to renovate the buildings in
Siam Square, but he stressed that he would need to talk to the operator of the
Lido and Scala - the Tansacha family - before deciding what to do with them. He
didn't mention whether Bangkok really needs another mall.

When Sala Chalermthai Theatre was demolished in 1989 to make way for the
re-aestheticisation of Ratchadamnoen Avenue, there was an outcry and protests.
They didn't work, and how monumental, how historical that cinema was! Likewise,
a number of grand old movie houses were felled and replaced by (hideous)
buildings. This doesn't mean that we should just whine and wait for the first
blow to strike the Lido and the Scala; the protest movement today, should we
really come to that, would be more efficient. The voice of opposition has to be
maintained, yes, but at the same time, I believe it's worth taking time to
examine the complex relationship between the past and present, between the
promise of change and the impermanence of today.

History has given us this lesson: 50 years ago when Chulalongkorn decided to
develop the area that is now Siam Square, the neighbourhood was a tangle of
slums. There was a fire - there's always a fire - and the inhabitants had to
move out. It is recorded that at that time, Chula students formed a resistance
and patrolled the area to prevent the slum-dwellers' return, so that the
development plan could commence (Rangsan Torsuwan, a controversial architect and
Chula graduate, said this in an interview years ago with Positioning
magazine).

So the teeming youth hub of today, including the Lido and the Scala, came
into existence at the expense of a group of people whom we have already
forgotten. In the name of urban makeover, the slum residents had to sacrifice.
Now Chula is asking us - Lido-lovers - to do the same. It must've hurt then as
it does now. If not more."

The case for preserving the Lido and Scala theatres

Special for the Nation
Wednesday, March 21st, 2012

For Thai movie lovers and fans of luxurious old cinema halls alike, dire news has once again soured the collective mood.

Nearly two years after the fiery demise of the beloved Siam Theatre, its Siam Square brethren – the Lido and Scala Theatres – have been listed for demolition. Should the plans go through, Bangkok’s once-illustrious collection of stand-alone movie theaters will be officially non-existent by 2016.

The Lido and Scala, as well as the remainder of Siam Square, sit upon some of the most valuable real estate in Thailand. Chulalongkorn University, Thailand’s perennially top-ranked university and owner of the land, is apparently unsatisfied with the current amount of income it generates from its Siam Square tenants – a medley of boutique clothing stores, trendy cafes, and long-established restaurants. To remedy this, university directors have announced plans to raze the entire neighborhood of three and four story shop houses to make way for a series of high-end shopping malls. Raised rents would accompany the completed project.

The economic imperatives of a private institution like Chulalongkorn University are often hard to argue against. In this case, however, since only short-term monetary considerations figure in to a decision which will reflect negatively on both Chulalongkorn and Thailand as a whole, this argument has ample justification.

Firstly, it should be pointed out that from a preservationist standpoint the Siam Square neighborhood is by no means architecturally unique. Throughout Bangkok there are neighborhoods of similar dimension and architectural gauge, erected with growth-minded profusion during the 1960’s, 70’s and 80’s. Having said this, razing it would not be a serious loss to the city’s cultural or architectural heritage, although it would have an adverse effect on a well-established business community. Nevertheless, Chula has every prerogative to do what it wants with its property.

Siam Square’s two theaters, on the other hand, the Scala and the Lido, are extremely rare and well worth preserving.

Both theaters were built at the height of Thailand’s movie theater construction boom, beginning in the mid 1960’s and tapering off in the late 1970’s (the Lido dates to 1968, the Scala to 1969). They were contracted by Pisit Tansacha, founder of the once-prolific Apex chain of theaters, and have been operated by the Tansacha family ever since.

Over the past two decades, the onslaught of redevelopment that has transformed this neighborhood has laid waste to many palatial stand-alone cinemas. Just around the corner from Siam Square, in the vicinities of Rachatewi and Phayathai, there once stood numerous movie palaces built during the 1960’s and 70’s boom. Among them, the Hollywood, McKenna, President and Stella theatres, all of which have since been demolished to accommodate office towers or condominiums.

Apex, too, might have followed this trend and razed its Siam Square theaters were it not for a simple logic belying their up-keep: Apex has a small-but-loyal customer base to whom they are devoted. This cinephilic patron-client relationship, cultivated over four-plus decades of movie screenings, has resulted in the gradual transformation of the Lido and Scala into some of the country’s only theatres showing alternative films, and ensuring their survival while the rest of Bangkok’s stand-alone theatres faded into oblivion.

If we appraise these theatres based on the law of scarcity – which holds that the decrease in quantity of a particular kind of artifact or institution leads to a corresponding increase in its worth – then the Lido and Scala are priceless, being the last two of their kind in the country.

But it is the intangible historical value they contain which is most difficult to measure. What meaning do they hold to the countless spectators who have sat in their chambers? Which great Thai minds have gained inspiration beneath their illuminated screens? The Scala, it ought not be forgotten, has hosted the most revered of all spectators. In past years, His Majesty the King of Thailand has held charity movie screenings there, with his royal throne temporarily installed to provide him seating.

Indeed, the Scala is of especially high cultural and architectural import, as well. It was designed by famed architect Chira Silpakanok – also known for the Indra Hotel – and embodies a uniquely Thai aesthetic that blends elements of tropical art deco with 1960’s Thai modern. A vaulted ceiling, accentuated with gold colored medallions and supported by a series of tapered columns, make the Scala’s lobby a spectacle in itself.

With the Lido divided into three smaller theaters after a 1993 fire, the Scala is also the only operating movie palace in all of Thailand with a single screen.

By way of comparison with other world cities, there are very few that have allowed all of their historic movie theatres to be demolished. Most have designated resources for the preservation and maintenance of at least one. For an important city like Bangkok to allow the landmark Scala Theatre to be demolished would be an unnecessary loss to the city’s cultural capital.

Tearing it down to build a shopping mall, moreover, in a neighborhood already saturated with them, would show shortsightedness and extremely poor taste on the part of prestigious Chulalongkorn University, which normally takes the lead in ensuring the country’s treasures are duly enshrined.

On a personal note, in my travels across Burma, Laos, Vietnam and Thailand to document what remains of the region’s stand-alone movie theaters, I have yet to encounter a theatre more elegant than the Scala. The closest runner up is the Thamada Cinema in Yangon, Burma at a distant second.

The demise of the Lido will be a definitive loss to Thailand’s movie-going culture. If the Lido and the Scala are both demolished, Thailand will have abandoned the top position in yet another category to a regional neighbor.

Greedy people to raze Lido Theater

A stupid move like this deserves a stupid summary:

only corrupt minds would destroy a cultural institution like the Lido Theater. The mental midgets behind it should be deeply ashamed.

If I can muster the energy to write something more about this, I will. But for the time being, I am quietly mourning a decision made by cancerous individuals.